Treating Sin as a Disease to be Healed - A49

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A49: Proper 5 -- 3rd Sunday after Pentecost --
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Treating Sin as a Disease to be Healed

"But go ye and learn what that meaneth,
I will have mercy, and not sacrifice:
for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance." Matthew 9:13

Readings

	Common	Catholic	Episcopal
First Reading	Genesis 12:1-9	Hosea 6:3-6	Hosea 5:15-6:6
Second Reading	Romans 4:13-25	Romans 4:18-25	Romans 4:13-18
Psalm	33:1-12	50:1, 8, 12-13, 14-15	Psalm 50 or 50:7-15
Gospel	Matthew 9:9-13; 18-26	Matthew 9:9-13	Matthew 9:9-13

See Sunday School: 3/17/02 (Reading from Romans)

Quotes & Notes on: Matthew 9:13

John Wesley's Notes:
Go ye and learn-Ye that take upon you to teach others.

I will have mercy and not sacrifice-That is, I will have mercy rather than sacrifice. I love acts of mercy better than sacrifice itself. Ho 6:6.

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge:
* go. Mt 12:3,5; 19:4; 21:42; 22:31,32; Mr 12:26; Lu 10:26; Joh 10:34
* I will. Pr 21:3; Ho 6:6; Mic 6:6-8
* to call. Mt 18:11-13; Mr 2:17; Lu 5:32; 15:3-10; 19:10; Ro 3:10-24 1Co 6:9-11; 1Ti 1:13-16
* but. Mt 3:2; 4:17; 11:20; 21:28-32; Isa 55:6,7; Lu 15:7; 24:47 Ac 2:38; 3:19; 5:31; 11:18; 17:30; 20:21; 26:18-20; Ro 2:4-6 1Ti 1:15; 2Ti 2:25,26; 2Pe 3:9

Adam Clarke's Commentary:
I will have mercy, and not sacrifice] Quoted from 1Sa 15:22. These are remarkable words. We may understand them as implying, 1st. That God prefers an act of mercy, shown to the necessitous, to any act of religious worship to which the person might be called at that time. Both are good; but the former is the greater good, and should be done in preference to the other. 2dly. That the whole sacrificial system was intended only to point out the infinite mercy of God to fallen man, in his redemption by the blood of the new covenant. And 3dly. That we should not rest in the sacrifices, but look for the mercy and salvation prefigured by them. This saying was nervously translated by our ancestors, [---------Anglo-Saxon----------], I will mild-heartedness, and not sacrifice.

Go ye and learn] au tse velimmed, a form of speech in frequent use among the rabbins, when they referred to any fact or example in the Sacred Writings. Nothing tends more to humble pretenders to devotion than to show them that they understand neither Scripture nor religion, when, relying on external performances, they neglect love to God and man, which is the very soul and substance of true religion. True holiness has ever consisted in faith working by love.

I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners] Most of the common editions add, eiv metanoian, unto repentance; but this is omitted in the Codex Vatic. and Bezae, sixteen others, both the Syriac, both the Persic, Ethiop. Armen. Gothic, Anglo-Saxon, all the Itala except three, the Vulgate, Clemens Roman, Origen, Basil, Jerome, Augustin, Ambrose, and Barnabas. The omission is approved by Mill and Bengel. Griesbach leaves it out of the text.

Family Bible Notes:
Mercy; I am pleased with a merciful disposition, manifesting itself in doing good to the needs, more than with the most careful attention merely to external ceremonies. In these latter lay all the religion of the scribes and Pharisees. They scrupulously avoided the outward defilement of contact with publicans and sinners, while they had no compassion for their souls or bodies. No external observances will compensate for the want of a kind, compassionate disposition; and acts of mercy to the needy and to the guilty, from love to God and men, are peculiarly acceptable to him.

1599 Geneva Bible Notes:
(No comment on this verse.)

People's New Testament Commentary:
I will have mercy and not sacrifice. See Ho 6:6. The Pharisees had never learned the meaning of this passage, which teaches that kind hearts and helpful deeds are more pleasing to God than outward ceremonial. Sacrifice is right, but mercy is first in importance.

I am came not to call the righteous, etc. My mission in the world is to save sinners.

Robertson's Word Pictures:
But go ye and learn (poreuthentes de mathete). With biting sarcasm Jesus bids these preachers to learn the meaning of Ho 6:6. It is repeated in Mt 12:7. Ingressive aorist imperative (mathete).

Albert Barnes' Commentary:
But go ye and learn, etc. To reprove them, and to vindicate his own conduct, he appealed to a passage of Scripture with which they ought to have been acquainted: "I will have mercy, and not sacrifice," Ho 6:6. This is not a declaration on the part of God that he was opposed to sacrifices or offerings for sin; for he had appointed and commanded many, and had therefore expressed his approbation of them. It is a Hebrew mode of speaking, and means, I prefer mercy to sacrifice; or, I am more pleased with acts of benevolence and kindness than with a mere external compliance with the duties of religion. Mercy, here, means benevolence or kindness towards others. Sacrifices were offerings made to God on account of sin, or as an expression of thanksgiving. They were commonly bloody offerings, or animals slain, signifying that the sinner offering them deserved to die himself, and pointing to the great sacrifice or offering which Christ was to make for the sins of the world. Sacrifices were the principal part of the worship of the Jews, and hence came to signify external worship in general. This is the meaning of the word here. The sense in which our Saviour applies it is this. You Pharisees are exceedingly tenacious of the external duties of religion; but God has declared that he prefers benevolence or mercy to those external duties. It is proper, therefore, that I should associate with sinners for the purpose of doing them good.

I am not come to call the righteous, etc. No human beings are by nature righteous, Ps 14:3; Ro 1:18-32; 3:10-18. The Pharisees, however, pretended to be righteous. Christ might have meant, by this answer, that it was not the design of his coming to call such persons to repentance, knowing that they would spurn his efforts, and that, to a great extent, they would be vain; or, more probably, he meant to affirm that his proper and only business was to call to repentance such men as he was now with. He came to seek and save such, and it was his proper business, therefore, to associate with them.

Repentance. See Barnes for Mt 3:2.

{u} "I will have" Pr 21:3; Ho 6:6; Mic 6:8; Mt 12:7
{v} "to repentence" Lu 24:47; Ac 5:31; 2Pe 3:9

Jamieson-Faussett Brown:
But go ye and learn what that meaneth-- (Ho 6:6),

I will have mercy, and not sacrifice--that is, the one rather than the other. "Sacrifice," the chief part of the ceremonial law, is here put for a religion of literal adherence to mere rules; while "mercy" expresses such compassion for the fallen as seeks to lift them up. The duty of keeping aloof from the polluted, in the sense of "having no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness," is obvious enough; but to understand this as prohibiting such intercourse with them as is necessary to their recovery, is to abuse it. This was what these pharisaical religionists did, and this is what our Lord here exposes.

for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance--The italicized words are of doubtful authority here, and more than doubtful authority in Mr 2:17; but in Lu 5:32 they are undisputed. We have here just the former statement stripped of its figure. "The righteous" are the whole; "sinners," the sick. When Christ "called" the latter, as He did Matthew, and probably some of those publicans and sinners whom he had invited to meet Him, it was to heal them of their spiritual maladies, or save their souls: "The righteous," like those miserable self-satisfied Pharisees, "He sent empty away."

Spurgeon Devotional Commentary:
(No comment on this verse.)

Spurgeon Commentary on Matthew:
Our Lord, having gloriously defended himself from the insinuations of the proud Pharisees, now carries the war into the enemies’ territory. He says to them, “Go ye and learn”; and this alone would be distasteful to men who thought they knew everything already. They were to learn the meaning of a Scripture in Ho 6:6; and this would teach them that to have mercy upon sinners is a work more pleasing to God than the presenting of expensive sacrifices, or the performing of religious exercises They would learn that he had rather do mercy himself, and have them do mercy to others, than accept of their most punctilious observances. The Lord Jesus also gave them a clear word as to his object in coming among men. He came not to be served by the good, but to save the evil. He had come to call to repentance those who needed repentance, and not those just ones who required no amendment, if such there were. This was a very just satire upon the Pharisees’ self opinionated notions; but, at the same time, it was, and is, and for ever will be, a grand consolation for those who own their guilt. Our Savior King has come to save real sinners. He deals not with our merits, but with our demerits. There would be no need to save us if we were not lost: the Son of God does no unnecessary work; but to those who need repentance he has come to bring it. Lord, I am one who needs thy call; for surely if anyone hath need to repent, I am that one. Call me with thine effectual call. “Turn thou me, and I shall be turned.”

William Burkitt's Notes:
(No comment on this verse.)

Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole Bible:
(No comment on this verse.)

Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary:
(No comment on this verse.)

The Fourfold Gospel:

But go ye and learn what this meaneth, I desire mercy, and not sacrifice. For an explanation of this passage, see TFG for Mt 12:7. To mercifully help sinners to repent was more precious to God than sacrifice.

For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners. See TFG for Mr 2:17.

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Hymns
Bob VanWyk, Lectionary Hymn Reviewer

Lead On, O King Eternal Relates to Hosea 6:3

Jesus Calls Us

O Christ, the Healer   Relates to the healing part of the Gospel passage.

When in Our Music God is Glorified   Relates to Psalm 33

He Sat to Watch O'er Customs Paid   Relats to Matthew 9:9. In "Sing and Rejoice" (Reformed Church in America). I don't know where else.

There is a Balm in Gilead

The Great Physician

Rescue the Perishing

He Touched Me

Just As I Am

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Sermons, Outlines, & Commentaries
Lanora Wright, Lectionary Topic Librarian

ephesians

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But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them,
They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. Matthew 9:12

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Matthew 9:9-13; 18-26

     9   And as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at
     the receipt of custom: and he saith unto him, Follow me. And he arose, and followed
     him.
     10   And it came to pass, as Jesus sat at meat in the house, behold, many publicans
     and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples.
     11   And when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto his disciples, Why eateth your
     Master with publicans and sinners?
     12   But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them, They that be whole need not a
     physician, but they that are sick.
     13   But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice: for I
     am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.

     18   While he spake these things unto them, behold, there came a certain ruler, and
     worshipped him, saying, My daughter is even now dead: but come and lay thy hand
     upon her, and she shall live.
     19   And Jesus arose, and followed him, and so did his disciples.
     20   And, behold, a woman, which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years,
     came behind him, and touched the hem of his garment:
     21   For she said within herself, If I may but touch his garment, I shall be whole.
     22   But Jesus turned him about, and when he saw her, he said, Daughter, be of good
     comfort; thy faith hath made thee whole. And the woman was made whole from that
     hour.
     23   And when Jesus came into the ruler's house, and saw the minstrels and the people
     making a noise,
     24   He said unto them, Give place: for the maid is not dead, but sleepeth. And they
     laughed him to scorn.
     25   But when the people were put forth, he went in, and took her by the hand, and
     the maid arose.
     26   And the fame hereof went abroad into all that land.

Genesis 12:1-9

     1   Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy
     kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will shew thee:
     2   And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name
     great; and thou shalt be a blessing:
     3   And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee
     shall all families of the earth be blessed.
     4   So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and
     Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran.
     5   And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother's son, and all their substance
     that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went
     forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of Canaan they came.
     6   And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of
     Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.
     7   And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land:
     and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
     8   And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched
     his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar
     unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.
     9   And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south.

Romans 4:13-25

     13   For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to Abraham, or
     to his seed, through the law, but through the righteousness of faith.
     14   For if they which are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made
     of none effect:
     15   Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there is no transgression.
     16   Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace; to the end the promise might be
     sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of
     the faith of Abraham; who is the father of us all,
     17   (As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he
     believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not
     as though they were.
     18   Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many
     nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.
     19   And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he
     was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb:
     20   He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith,
     giving glory to God;
     21   And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to
     perform.
     22   And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.
     23   Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him;
     24   But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, if we believe on him that raised up
     Jesus our Lord from the dead;
     25   Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.

Psalm 33:1-12

     1   Rejoice in the LORD, O ye righteous: for praise is comely for the upright.
     2   Praise the LORD with harp: sing unto him with the psaltery and an instrument of ten
     strings.
     3   Sing unto him a new song; play skilfully with a loud noise.
     4   For the word of the LORD is right; and all his works are done in truth.
     5   He loveth righteousness and judgment: the earth is full of the goodness of the
     LORD.
     6   By the word of the LORD were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the
     breath of his mouth.
     7   He gathereth the waters of the sea together as an heap: he layeth up the depth in
     storehouses.
     8   Let all the earth fear the LORD: let all the inhabitants of the world stand in awe of
     him.
     9   For he spake, and it was done; he commanded, and it stood fast.
     10   The LORD bringeth the counsel of the heathen to nought: he maketh the devices
     of the people of none effect.
     11   The counsel of the LORD standeth for ever, the thoughts of his heart to all
     generations.
     12   Blessed is the nation whose God is the LORD; and the people whom he hath
     chosen for his own inheritance.

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